NGC 691 Galaxy Group

NGC 691
NGC 691: Galaxy group in Aries; 500 mm Cassegrain f/7.2; SBIG STL11K; 90-30-30-30 min LRGB; Bernese Highlands; © 2011 Radek Chromik [32]

History

The galaxies NGC 678, NGC 680 and NGC 697 were discovered on 15 September 1784 by the German-British astronomer William Herschel with his 18.7 inch reflecting telescope. He did not come across NGC 691 until 13 November 1786. The discovery of NGC 694 by the German astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest did not take place until 2 December 1861. He used an 11 inch refractor telescope. IC 167 was discovered on 4 January 1889 by the French astronomer Guillaume Bigourdan with a 12.4 inch refractor. The tail light of this discovery round is IC 1730 which was discovered on 17 January 1896 by the French astronomer Stephane Javelle with the 76 cm refractor telescope of the Observatoire de Nice. [196, 277]

Physical Properties

These galaxies belong to the NGC 691 galaxy group, which is located approximately at a distance of 27.8 Mpc to 40.9 Mpc from us. Some sources also include NGC 695 in this group, but their distance is about 135 Mpc, which means it is far in the background. [145]

Revised+Historic NGC/IC Version 22/9, © 2022 Dr. Wolfgang Steinicke [277]
Name RA Dec Type bMag vMag B-V SB Dim PA z D(z) MD Dreyer Description Identification, Remarks
NGC 678 01 49 24.8 +21 59 49 Gx (SBb) 13.3 12.2 1.1 13.4 4.5 × 0.8 78 0.009457 39.95 27.050 pB, S, iR, mbM, p of 2 WH II 228; GC 399; UGC 1280; MCG 4-5-14; CGCG 482-18; A 0147+21
NGC 680 01 49 47.3 +21 58 16 Gx (E1) 12.9 11.9 1.0 13.1 1.8 × 1.6 156 0.009340 39.45 33.680 pB, S, iR, mbM, f of 2 WH II 229; GC 402; UGC 1286; MCG 4-5-15; CGCG 482-19
NGC 691 01 50 41.7 +21 45 37 Gx (Sbc) 12.2 11.4 0.8 13.7 3.4 × 2.5 95 0.008889 37.55 36.000 F, cL, vglbM WH II 617; GC 410; UGC 1305; MCG 4-5-19; CGCG 482-23; CGCG 460-31; IRAS 01479+2130
NGC 694 01 50 58.4 +21 59 49 Gx (S0/P) 14.3 13.7 0.6 16.1 0.6 × 0.4 160 0.009840 41.56 F, S, R, bet 2 st 15 GC 413; UGC 1310; MCG 4-5-20; MK 363; IRAS 01481+2144; CGCG 482-24; 5ZW 122
NGC 697 01 51 17.5 +22 21 27 Gx (SBbc) 12.8 12.0 0.8 13.9 4 × 1.3 105 0.010307 43.54 35.500 F, cL, E, mbM WH III 179; GC 416; NGC 674; UGC 1317; MCG 4-5-22; CGCG 482-27; IRAS 01485+2206
IC 167 01 51 08.5 +21 54 45 Gx (SBc) 13.6 13.1 0.5 14.8 2.7 × 1.8 95 0.009777 41.30 27.680 eF, * 10.5 n 4' UGC 1313; MCG 4-5-21; CGCG 482-25; Arp 31; IRAS 01483+2139
IC 1730 01 49 57.9 +22 00 46 Gx (S0) 15.4 14.4 1.0 13.3 0.8 × 0.5 65 0.009870 41.69 F, S, R, gbM MCG 4-5-15A; CGCG 482-20; NPM1G +21.0080

Finder Chart

The NGC 691 galaxy group can be found in the constellation Sternbild Aries. The best time to observe is August to February, when it is highest at night.

Finder Chart NGC 691 Galaxy Group
NGC 691 Galaxy Group in constellation Aries. Charts created using SkySafari 6 Pro and STScI Digitized Sky Survey. Limiting magnitudes: Constellation chart ~6.5 mag, DSS2 close-ups ~20 mag. [149, 160]

Objects Within a Radius of 15°

References