Galaxies NGC 13, NGC 19, NGC 20, NGC 29

NGC 13, NGC 20, NGC 29
NGC 13, NGC 20, NGC 29: Galaxies in Andromeda; 500 mm Cassegrain 3625 mm f/7.2, SBIG STL11K; 240-80-80-80 min LRGB; Bernese Highlands; © 2017 Radek Chromik [32]

History

The first two galaxies of this group were discovered on 26 November 1790 by the German-British astronomer William Herschel with his self-made 18.7 inch f/12.8 reflector telescope. He logged for III. 866 (NGC 13): «Very faint, very small, the north preceding corner of a square.» And for II. 853 (NGC 29) he wrote: «Faint, small, extended near meridian.» [465]

On the night of 18 September 1857, the Irish astronomer R. J. Mitchell aimed the large 72 inch reflecting telescope of William Parsons, the third Earl of Rosse, on this part of the sky and came across the galaxy NGC 20.

On 20 September 1885, the American astronomer Lewis Swift scoured the same area with the 16 inch refractor of the Warner Observatory in Rochester and recorded three galaxies which were later published by John LE Dreyer in his «New General Catalog of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars» that appeared 1888: NGC 6, NGC 19 and NGC 21. [313] What Dreyer didn't know at the time: Swift's position determinations were flawed. If you take an error of 70 seconds too far west and 8' 12" too far south in all three position determinations then the position of NGC 6 fits to NGC 20 (UGC 84), that of NGC 21 to NGC 29 (UGC 100) and that of NGC 19 to the galaxy UGC 98. [196, 277]

Physical Properties

The redshift of all galaxies is around z ≈ 0.016, which corresponds to an average distance of around 65 Mpc. [145]

Revised+Historic NGC/IC Version 22/9, © 2022 Dr. Wolfgang Steinicke [277]
Name RA Dec Type bMag vMag B-V SB Dim PA z D(z) MD Dreyer Description Identification, Remarks
NGC 6 00 09 32.6 +33 18 32 dup 14.1 13.1 1.0 14.3 1.7 × 1.6 140 0.016581 70.04 eF, vS, cE NGC 20; UGC 84; MCG 5-1-36; CGCG 498-82; CGCG 499-54
NGC 13 00 08 47.7 +33 25 59 Gx (Sab) 14.0 13.2 0.8 13.5 2.3 × 0.6 53 0.016038 67.74 61.030 vF, vS, S st + neb WH III 866; h 2; GC 5; UGC 77; MCG 5-1-34; CGCG 498-81; CGCG 499-53
NGC 19 00 10 40.8 +32 58 58 Gx (SBbc) 14.1 13.3 0.8 12.7 1.1 × 0.6 42 0.015971 67.46 63.430 eeF, lE, 3 vF st around UGC 98; MCG 5-1-46; CGCG 499-65; KAZ 18; IRAS 00080+3242
NGC 20 00 09 32.6 +33 18 32 Gx (E-S0) 14.1 13.1 1.0 14.3 1.7 × 1.6 140 0.016581 70.04 F, * 10 att GC 6=5086; NGC 6; UGC 84; MCG 5-1-36; CGCG 498-82; CGCG 499-54
NGC 21 00 10 47.0 +33 21 07 dup 13.5 12.7 0.8 12.8 1.5 × 0.7 154 0.015911 67.21 71.680 eF, S, lE NGC 29; UGC 100; MCG 5-1-48; IRAS 00082+3304; CGCG 499-66; KAZ 19
NGC 29 00 10 47.0 +33 21 07 Gx (SBbc) 13.5 12.7 0.8 12.8 1.5 × 0.7 154 0.015911 67.21 71.680 pB, pL, E 0° WH II 853; h 6; GC 14; NGC 21; UGC 100; MCG 5-1-48; IRAS 00082+3304; CGCG 499-66; KAZ 19

Finder Chart

The galaxies are located in the constellation Andromeda, which is best visible from June to February.

Finder Chart Galaxies NGC 13, NGC 19, NGC 20, NGC 29
Galaxies NGC 13, NGC 19, NGC 20, NGC 29 in constellation Andromeda. Charts created using SkySafari 6 Pro and STScI Digitized Sky Survey. Limiting magnitudes: Constellation chart ~6.5 mag, DSS2 close-ups ~20 mag. [149, 160]

Objects Within a Radius of 15°

References

  • [32] Astrofotografie by Radek, Bernie and Dragan; sternwarte.ch
  • [145] SIMBAD astronomical database; simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad
  • [149] SkySafari 6 Pro, Simulation Curriculum; skysafariastronomy.com
  • [160] The STScI Digitized Sky Survey; archive.stsci.edu/cgi-bin/dss_form
  • [196] Celestial Atlas by Curtney Seligman; cseligman.com/text/atlas.htm (2020-12-28)
  • [277] «Historische Deep-Sky Kataloge» von Dr. Wolfgang Steinicke; klima-luft.de/steinicke (2021-02-17)
  • [313] «A New General Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars, being the Catalogue of the late Sir John F.W. Herschel, Bart., revised, corrected, and enlarged» Dreyer, J. L. E. (1888); Memoirs of the Royal Astronomical Society. 49: 1–237; Bibcode:1888MmRAS..49....1D
  • [465] «Catalogue of 500 new nebulae, nebulous stars, planetary nebula:, and clusters of stars; with remarks on the construction of the heavens» William Herschel, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 1 January 1802; DOI:10.1098/rstl.1802.0021