Constellation Sextans (Sextant)

Sextans
Sextans: IAU Constellation Map [150]

Properties

Sextans is a small and inconspicuous constellation south of Regulus in Leo with an area of 314 square degrees. It only consists of 4th and 5th magnitude stars and each culminates around midnight on February 21. [9, 15]

Data for constellation Sextans [150]
IAU NameSextans
IAU GenitiveSextantis
IAU Abbr.Sex
English NameSextant
Season (47° N)December … May
Right Ascension09h 41m 05s … 10h 51m 30s
Declination-11° 39' 44" … +06° 25' 58"
Area314 deg2
Neighbours (N↻)Leo, Hya, Crt
Constellation Sextans Uraniae
Constellation Sextans Uraniae: Illustration from «Prodromus Astronomiae» by Johannes Hevelius, 1690. Mirrored view from «outside of the celestial sphere» [19]

History

The mayor of Danzig, Jan Hevelcke (Latinized Hevelius) introduced some new names for places in the sky where there are few stars in his book Prodromus Astronomiae in 1690. This endeavor can be explained by the fact that there were no internationally recognized limits of the constellation systems at that time, which resulted in a lot of confusion. Therefore one wanted to fill up all these empty places with more small constellations. This is how the symbol of the sextant got into the star maps. Hevelius himself knew how to make sextants and also used them to measure the positions of the stars after the telescope had long been invented. [7, 21]

Catalogs

Yale Bright Star Catalogue, 5th Revised Ed. (Hoffleit+, 1991) [154]
HR B F DM HD SAO FK5 IR M* ADS VarID RA Dec vMag spType dMag Sep ["] Remarks
HR 3879BD+02 2246846071179012782 09 46 23.6+01 47 085.65 F4IV
HR 38934BD+05 224085217117937 09 50 30.1+04 20 376.24 F7Vn SB:3.0546d, K 100.3k/s, V0 +17.4k/s, msin3i 1.41, asini 4.21.
HR 38996BD-03 279485364137183370 09 51 14.0-04 14 366.01 A8III
HR 3901BD-05 292385380137185 09 51 21.6-06 10 546.42 F8V
HR 39067BD+03 228085504117959 4656 09 52 12.2+02 27 156.02 A0V s
HR 3907BD+00 2573855051179602788 09 52 12.0+00 04 326.35 G9III
HR 3909γ8BD-07 2909855581371997555 09 52 30.4-08 06 185.05 A1V 0.50.4D:AB 5.58 A1V, 6.07 A4V, 77.55y, a = 0.383". Combined mag., colors. C, 12.28V at 36" optical.,DYN:0.012".
HR 3915BD+06 222485709117975I 09 53 42.9+05 57 305.95 M2III
HR 394512BD+04 227686611118041376 4694 09 59 43.1+03 23 056.70 F0V
HR 3959BD-08 283687262137326I 10 03 41.0-09 34 266.12 K0
HR 396113BD+03 231187301118086 10 04 08.4+03 12 046.45 F4V
HR 397314BD+06 2259876821181112811D 10 06 47.4+05 36 416.21 K1III D:Suspected occultation double.
HR 3981α15BD+00 2615878871373662814 10 07 56.3-00 22 184.49 A0III
HR 3985BD-10 300088024155765 10 08 45.7-10 53 056.53 A2V
HR 398917BD-07 297288195137385 10 10 07.5-08 24 305.91 A1V S:Strong shell absorption; no emission except possibly a weak effect on the violet wing of H alpha.
HR 399618BD-07 297788333137395I 4767 10 10 55.8-08 25 065.65 K2III
HR 4000BD-06 3096883721374002818 10 11 17.8-07 19 006.25 A2Vn
HR 400419BD+05 230188547118164 10 12 48.3+04 36 535.77 gK0
HR 4034BD-10 302989033155855 10 16 09.1-11 12 126.08 K0
HR 4042ε22BD-07 3001892541374691263 10 17 37.8-08 04 085.24 F2III G:Hyades group.
HR 4059BD-04 284089490137490 10 19 32.2-05 06 216.37 K0
HR 4060BD-08 289789565137495 10 19 59.4-09 03 326.32 F1IV
HR 406423BD+03 2352896881182481266 RS Sex10 21 02.0+02 17 236.66 B2.5IV VAR:Cst? Comparison star was the var.
HR 4079BD+06 2301899951182712833W 10 23 14.6+05 41 396.54 F6V 2.558.6
HR 408225BD-03 291190044137533388 SS Sex10 23 26.5-04 04 275.97 B9pSiCr:Sr: vVAR:Amp. 0.025y, 4.37d. Spectrum var.
HR 4085BD+03 2358901251182787755 10 24 13.1+02 22 056.32 G9V 0.3212.2D:B, 13v at 8", optical.
HR 4092BD-06 3146903621375572836I 10 25 44.3-07 03 355.57 K5:IIIbFe-0.5
HR 4109BD-03 292990763137591 Var?10 28 44.0-03 44 336.05 A1pSr: VAR:Possible small amp. variations with proposed periods of 3.57, 0.64d rather uncertain (Manfroid and Mathys 1985, A&A,,VAR:Suppl. 59, 429).
HR 4116δ29BD-02 3155908821376001270 10 29 28.7-02 44 215.21 B9.5V
HR 4119β30BD+00 2663909941376082841 Bet Sex10 30 17.5-00 38 135.09 B6V G:Member of Pleiades group.,VAR:Slight variation with period or half-period of about 8d suspected.
HR 4122BD-06 317391106137614I7808 10 30 58.7-07 38 156.20 K5III+F6V 2.32.8D:AB CPM. B is F6V. C, 9.5v at 64" optical.,SB:ADS 7808A.
HR 4155BD-09 310891858156092 10 36 17.4-10 35 006.57 F0V
HR 418233BD-00 236492588137728404 10 41 24.2-01 44 306.26 K1IV
HR 419335BD+05 2384928411184497902 A10 43 20.9+04 44 525.79 K3III+K0III 1.16.7D:AB binary. B is K0III.,SB:ADS 7902A.
HR 420136BD+03 240893102118473D 10 45 09.4+02 29 176.28 K4III 0.00.0D:Sep. 0.03", but duplicity doubtful.
HR 4224BD-01 244693655137800I 10 48 40.6-01 57 325.93 M2III
HR 422940BD-03 2999937421378087936 10 49 17.3-04 01 276.61 A2IV 0.72.2
HR 4233BD-09 314793833137815 10 49 43.5-09 51 105.86 gG8
HR 423741BD-08 30189390313782312817942 10 50 18.1-08 53 525.79 A3m 5.827.3SB:6.1670d, K 46.5k/s, V0 -4.4k/s, asini 3.9, nearly circular orbit.
HR 4240BD-02 323694014137834I 10 51 05.4-03 05 335.95 K2

Revised+Historic NGC/IC, Version 22/9, © Dr. Wolfgang Steinicke [277]
Galaxies
NameRADecTypebMagvMagDimDreyer DescriptionIdentification, Remarks
NGC 296609 42 11.4+04 40 25SBbc13.512.72.2 × 0.9vF * in vF, lE neb, F * p 30"UGC 5181, MCG 1-25-13, MK 708, IRAS 09395+0454, CGCG 35-33, NPM1G +04.0213
NGC 296709 42 03.3+00 20 10Sc12.311.63 × 2.8pF, pL, R, vglbMUGC 5180, MCG 0-25-7, CGCG 7-20, IRAS 09394+0033
NGC 296909 41 54.5-08 36 12Sc13.813.11.4 × 1.2vF, pS, iR, vglbMMCG -1-25-21, MK 1235, IRAS 09394-0822
NGC 297409 42 33.2-03 41 57E411.910.93.4 × 2.1B, cS, iR, bM, * 9 sp 43"NGC 2652, MCG 0-25-8, CGCG 7-22, IRAS 09400-0328, UGCA 172
NGC 297809 43 16.7-09 44 46Sbc13.612.81.1 × 0.9eF, S, R, III 528 n 10'MCG -1-25-29, IRAS 09408-0931
NGC 297909 43 08.6-10 22 59Sa13.212.31.5 × 1pF, pS, vlE, psbMNGC 3050, MCG -2-25-12, IRAS 09407-1009
NGC 298009 43 11.9-09 36 45SBc13.613.01.6 × 0.8vF, pS, lE 0°, vglbMMCG -1-25-28, IRAS 09407-0923
NGC 298709 45 41.4+04 56 29Sab13.712.91.5 × 0.7eF, S, iF, sev vF st invUGC 5220, MCG 1-25-17, CGCG 35-47, IRAS 09430+0510
NGC 299009 46 17.3+05 42 32Sc13.112.71.1 × 0.6F, pS, lE 90°UGC 5229, MCG 1-25-21, CGCG 35-51, ARAK 214, IRAS 09436+0556
NGC 300709 47 45.5-06 26 16S0-a14.313.41.3 × 0.5eF, S, iR, lbM, rMCG -1-25-38, IRAS 09452-0612
NGC 301409 49 07.8-04 44 34Sbc14.713.91 × 0.9eF, pL, p of 2MCG -1-25-43
NGC 301509 49 22.9+01 08 43S014.513.50.5 × 0.4F, vS, alm stellarUGC 5261, MCG 0-25-20, CGCG 7-41, ARAK 218, IRAS 09468+0122
NGC 301709 49 03.0-02 49 17E014.113.11 × 1eF, vS, * 11 np 3'MCG 0-25-19, CGCG 7-40, NPM1G -02.0240
NGC 301809 49 41.6+00 37 22Sb14.113.31.2 × 0.7vF, vS, bMUGC 5265, MCG 0-25-21, CGCG 7-42, VV 620, KCPG 216A
NGC 302209 49 39.2-05 09 59S014.213.21.6 × 1.6F, R, vglbM, f of 2MCG -1-25-46
NGC 3023 109 49 52.6+00 37 08SBc/P13.012.33 × 1.4pF, pL, iR, lbM, difUGC 5269, MCG 0-25-22, CGCG 7-43, IRAS 09472+0051, VV 620, KCPG 216B
NGC 3023 209 49 54.1+00 37 01C15.014.00.3 × 0.1pF, pL, iR, lbM, difMK 1236, NPM1G +00.0273
NGC 302909 48 53.8-08 03 04Sc14.514.01.4 × 1pF, pS, RMCG -1-25-47, A 0946-07
NGC 303509 51 54.9-06 49 22SBbc13.212.41.7 × 1.4pF, pL, R, sev vF st invMCG -1-25-52, IRAS 09494-0635
NGC 303909 52 29.5+02 09 13SBb14.213.41.2 × 0.6vF, S, iRUGC 5297, MCG 0-25-27, CGCG 7-51
NGC 304209 53 20.2+00 41 52S013.912.91.2 × 0.7pB, S, vlE, gbMUGC 5307, MCG 0-25-30, CGCG 7-54
NGC 304409 53 40.8+01 34 46SBc12.511.94.7 × 0.7vF, vL, vmE 122°UGC 5311, MCG 0-25-31, CGCG 7-56, FGC 965, IRAS 09511+0148
NGC 304709 54 32.0-01 17 28S?15.014.10.4 × 0.4vF, S, RUGC 5323, MCG 0-25-33, CGCG 7-59, double system
NGC 3047 A09 54 29.5-01 17 16E314.213.20.4 × 0.3vF, S, RUGC 5323, MCG 0-25-32, CGCG 7-59, double system
NGC 305509 55 17.8+04 16 10SBc12.712.12.1 × 1.3F, pL, vlE, vgbM, rr, * 7 f 92sUGC 5328, MCG 1-25-34, CGCG 35-87, IRAS 09526+0430
NGC 306209 56 35.7+01 25 45Sb15.214.40.6 × 0.3vF, vS, alm stellarCGCG 8-2, NPM1G +01.0256
NGC 306409 55 41.4-06 21 51Sbc14.914.11.2 × 0.3eF, vS, E 45°MCG -1-26-1
NGC 308309 59 49.6-02 52 39Sa14.613.71.1 × 0.4eF, S, EMCG 0-26-2, CGCG 8-11
NGC 308610 00 10.9-02 58 33Sb14.713.91.2 × 0.4eF, S, iRMCG 0-26-3, CGCG 8-12
NGC 309010 00 30.2-02 58 07E213.612.61.7 × 1.4vF, vSMCG 0-26-5, CGCG 8-16, IRAS 09579-0243
NGC 309210 00 47.4-03 00 44S0-a14.213.31.3 × 0.6eF, SMCG 0-26-8, CGCG 8-19
NGC 309310 00 53.5-02 58 17E615.214.20.7 × 0.3eF, vSMCG 0-26-7, CGCG 8-21, NPM1G -02.0249
NGC 310110 01 35.5-02 59 41Sa15.314.41.2 × 0.3eFMCG 0-26-11, CGCG 8-24
NGC 311510 05 14.1-07 43 05E-S09.98.97.2 × 2.4vB, L, vmE 46°, vgsmbMENMCG -1-26-18, UGCA 199, Spindle galaxy
NGC 311710 06 10.4+02 54 48E014.313.31 × 1vF, vS, R, S * invUGC 5445, MCG 1-26-14, CGCG 36-38, NPM1G +03.0242
NGC 312210 04 01.9-06 28 29Sb13.012.21.6 × 0.8F, S, lE, erNGC 3110, NGC 3518, MCG -1-26-14, IRAS 10015-0614
NGC 314210 10 06.4-08 28 46S014.813.81 × 0.9F, R, (d'A, PD 43'.3, 1 obs)MCG -1-26-28
NGC 315610 12 41.1+03 07 47S013.112.31.9 × 0.9F, cS, R, psbM, * 9·10 sf 2'UGC 5503, MCG 1-26-19, CGCG 36-57
NGC 316510 13 31.4+03 22 30Sdm14.513.91.3 × 0.7vF, mE 0°, 1st of 3UGC 5512, MCG 1-26-23, CGCG 36-63
NGC 316610 13 45.5+03 25 33SB0-a11.310.44.8 × 2.3B, pS, R, psmbM, 2nd of 3UGC 5516, MCG 1-26-24, CGCG 36-64, KCPG 228A, IRAS 10111+0340
NGC 316910 14 14.7+03 28 01Sa11.110.24.2 × 2.9B, pL, vlE, pgmbM, * 11, 78°, 80", 3rd of 3UGC 5525, MCG 1-26-26, CGCG 36-66, KCPG 228B, IRAS 10116+0342
NGC 324310 26 21.3-02 37 20S013.712.71.4 × 1.1vF, S, lE, bet 2 stUGC 5652, MCG 0-27-12, CGCG 9-33
NGC 324610 26 41.9+03 51 45SBdm13.212.62.4 × 1.4eF, S, R, 2 st Δ, * 6, 300°, 8'UGC 5661, MCG 1-27-9, CGCG 37-37, IRAS 10240+0407
NGC 3292 110 35 34.4-06 10 46S015.114.11.1 × 0.9vF, vS, lEMCG -1-27-23
NGC 3292 210 35 30.9-06 11 03S016.115.10.7 × 0.3vF, vS, lEMCG -1-27-22, NPM1G -05.0370
NGC 332510 39 20.4-00 11 59E113.712.71.2 × 1.1F, vS, vS * invUGC 5795, MCG 0-27-36, CGCG 9-93, NPM1G +00.0308
NGC 332610 39 31.8+05 06 26Sa14.613.70.6 × 0.6vF, eS, stellarUGC 5799, MCG 1-27-25, MK 1260, ARAK 251, CGCG 37-104
NGC 333710 41 47.5+04 59 20S15.114.30.6 × 0.3eF, vS, alm stellarCGCG 37-119, NPM1G +05.0267
NGC 334010 42 17.9-00 22 37Sbc13.813.01 × 0.9F, S, RUGC 5827, MCG 0-27-42, CGCG 9-101
NGC 334110 42 31.5+05 02 39P15.014.01.2 × 0.4vF, vSUGC 5831, MCG 1-27-31, CGCG 37-124
NGC 336010 44 16.2-11 14 33Sc14.413.71.2 × 0.9F pair of neb, f one the brighterMCG -2-28-3
NGC 336110 44 29.1-11 12 29SBc13.412.82.1 × 0.8F pair of neb, f one the brighterMCG -2-28-4, IRAS 10419-1056
NGC 336510 46 12.7+01 48 46Sc13.212.64.5 × 0.8eF, L, eE 159°, vgvlbMUGC 5878, MCG 0-28-6, CGCG 10-8, FGC 1131
NGC 337510 47 00.7-09 56 31S013.412.61.6 × 1.2F, S, R, gmbMMCG -2-28-8, MCG -1-28-2
NGC 337610 47 26.5+06 02 55S?14.313.40.8 × 0.4vF, SUGC 5891, MCG 1-28-7, CGCG 38-13, KARA 443, NPM1G +06.0259
NGC 338510 48 11.6+04 55 42S013.612.61.5 × 0.9vF, S, R, s of 2UGC 5908, MCG 1-28-9, CGCG 38-15, NPM1G +05.0270
NGC 338610 48 11.8+04 59 57E014.813.80.5 × 0.5vF, S, lE, bM, n of 2MCG 1-28-10, CGCG 38-16, NPM1G +05.0271
NGC 342310 51 14.4+05 50 24Sc11.611.13.9 × 3.3F, vL, R, vgbM, rrUGC 5962, MCG 1-28-12, CGCG 38-29
IC 56009 45 53.4-00 16 06S0-a14.213.31.3 × 0.6F, S, dif, * 10 nearUGC 5223, MCG 0-25-13, CGCG 7-30
IC 56109 45 58.9+03 08 42Sb15.614.60.4 × 0.3pF, difMCG 1-25-19, CGCG 35-49
IC 56209 46 04.0-03 58 19Sbc15.014.21.3 × 0.3vF, pL, E ns, gbMMCG -1-25-36, IRAS 09435-0344
IC 56309 46 20.2+03 02 46SBab/P14.713.90.9 × 0.4pB, S, dif, gbMMCG 1-25-22, CGCG 35-53, Arp 303
IC 56409 46 21.0+03 04 16Scd14.113.41.7 × 0.4pB, pL, E pfUGC 5230, MCG 1-25-23, CGCG 35-54, Arp 303, IRAS 09437+0317
IC 56609 49 56.3-00 13 51C15.514.50.6 × 0.4vF, vS, R, bMCGCG 7-44, NPM1G +00.0274
IC 57409 54 27.0-06 57 10E-S014.713.71.3 × 1.1pB, S, R, mbM, * 12sMCG -1-25-56, NPM1G -06.0274
IC 57509 54 32.9-06 51 26Sa14.113.21.2 × 0.8F, S, R, gbMMCG -1-25-58, VV 111, Arp 292, PRC C-32
IC 58609 59 50.2-06 55 20S14.313.50.6 × 0.6F, vS, mottledMCG -1-26-4, NPM1G -06.0276
IC 58710 03 05.2-02 23 59Sbc14.213.41.3 × 0.6F, pL, RUGC 5411, MCG 0-26-12, CGCG 8-28, IRAS 10005-0209
IC 58810 02 07.0+03 03 30SBa14.613.70.7 × 0.4F, S, R, mottledUGC 5399, MCG 1-26-10, CGCG 36-23, NPM1G +03.0240
IC 58910 04 23.8-05 40 42S15.314.50.7 × 0.5vF, vS, biN ?NPM1G -05.0350
IC 590 110 05 49.6+00 37 59E-S014.813.81 × 0.9F, dif, neb D * ?UGC 5443, MCG 0-26-18, CGCG 8-37, KCPG 223A, NPM1G +00.0287
IC 590 210 05 50.4+00 37 54S014.513.50.6 × 0.3F, dif, neb D * ?UGC 5443, MCG 0-26-18, CGCG 8-37, KCPG 223B, NPM1G +00.0288
IC 59210 07 58.7-02 29 56Sbc14.213.40.8 × 0.7F, S, R, difUGC 5465, MCG 0-26-20, CGCG 8-45, IRAS 10047+1231
IC 59310 08 18.0-02 31 36S?14.513.60.7 × 0.6F, S, R, gbMUGC 5469, MCG 0-26-21, CGCG 8-47
IC 59410 08 31.9-00 39 58SBbc14.613.81.1 × 0.5F, S, R, gbM, rUGC 5472, MCG 0-26-23, CGCG 8-49, KARA 401
IC 59710 10 11.9-06 53 55S15.815.00.8 × 0.3F, vS, RNPM1G -06.0286
IC 59910 13 12.4-05 37 44Sbc15.114.31.1 × 0.2pF, S, vlbMMCG -1-26-32
IC 60010 17 10.7-03 29 50SBdm13.012.42.4 × 1.2F, pS, R, gbMMCG 0-26-34, UGCA 209, CGCG 8-85, VV 97
IC 60310 19 25.0-05 39 22Sa14.513.61.3 × 0.9F, vS, R, N = 13.5MCG -1-26-41, DRCG 19-6
IC 60510 22 24.1+01 11 56Sbc14.713.90.6 × 0.5f, S, R, gbMUGC 5606, MCG 0-27-3, CGCG 9-10, KARA 410, IRAS 10197+0127
IC 60810 24 21.0-06 02 22S?14.813.90.8 × 0.4F, S, RMCG -1-27-8
IC 60910 25 35.4-02 12 51SBbc14.113.31.5 × 0.7F, pL, RUGC 5641, MCG 0-27-9, CGCG 9-26, Arp 44, VV 354
IC 61410 26 51.8-03 27 53RN415.314.30.8 × 0.4vF, difMCG 0-27-15, CGCG 9-39
IC 62110 33 21.0+02 37 00E315.214.20.4 × 0.3F, S, RCGCG 37-74, NPM1G +02.0248
IC 62310 35 21.0+03 33 30Sb15.014.21 × 0.4F, S, RUGC 5748, MCG 1-27-17, CGCG 37-85
IC 62410 36 15.3-08 20 03Sa14.113.22.7 × 0.5F, vS, RMCG -1-27-26
IC 62610 36 57.2-07 01 26E-S014.913.91.2 × 1F, S, R, rMCG -1-27-28
IC 62710 37 19.8-03 21 26S?15.114.20.6 × 0.6F, S, rMCG 0-27-32, CGCG 9-87, NPM1G -03.0343
IC 62810 37 36.2+05 36 12Sab14.513.70.9 × 0.7vF, vS, iFUGC 5780, MCG 1-27-22, CGCG 37-96, KCPG 241B
IC 63010 38 33.9-07 10 14S013.012.02.1 × 1.7F, eS, stellar, * 9.5 sp 1½'MCG -1-27-29, MK 1259
IC 63110 38 58.8-07 03 06E016.215.20.5 × 0.5vF, vS, difNPM1G -06.0307
IC 63210 39 11.8-00 24 35Sa14.713.80.9 × 0.6F, S, R, gbMUGC 5792, MCG 0-27-35, CGCG 9-92
IC 63310 39 24.1-00 23 19S?15.314.30.6 × 0.3vF, vS, R, SNUGC 5796, MCG 0-27-37, CGCG 9-94, ARAK 250
IC 63410 40 54.8+05 59 31P15.214.21.2 × 0.4vF, S, rUGC 5811, CGCG 37-111
IC 63610 41 50.6+04 19 51SBbc15.014.20.9 × 0.4vF, vS, rUGC 5824, MCG 1-27-28, CGCG 37-121
IC 64510 50 09.2-06 02 35S15.514.70.5 × 0.4F, S, R
IC 649 110 50 52.0+01 09 55Sab/P15.214.40.7 × 0.5F, S, lbM, * 10.5 spMCG 0-28-19, CGCG 10-34, KCPG 252A
IC 649 210 50 52.1+01 09 43Sbc15.514.70.3 × 0.3F, S, lbM, * 10.5 spMCG 0-28-19, CGCG 10-34, KCPG 252B
IC 65110 50 58.2-02 09 01Sm13.413.00.8 × 0.8pB, pS, gbM, rUGC 5956, MCG 0-28-20, CGCG 10-35, IRAS 10484-0153, KARA 444, ARAK 258

References

7«Der grosse Kosmos-Himmelsführer» von Ian Ridpath und Wil Tirion; Kosmos Verlag; ISBN 3-440-05787-9
9«Drehbare Sternkarte SIRIUS» von H. Suter-Haug; Hallwag-Verlag, Bern
15«Hartung's Astronomical Objects for Southern Telescopes» by David Malin and David J. Frew; Melbourne University Press 1995; ISBN 0-522-84553-3
19«Prodromus Astronomiae» Johannes Hevelius, 1690; DOI:10.3931/e-rara-456
21«Taschenatlas der Sternbilder» von Josef Klepesta und Antonin Rükl; Verlag Werner Dausien; ISBN 3-7684-2384-0
141Strasbourg-ESO Catalogue of Galactic Planetary Nebulae; A. Acker, F. Ochsenbein, B. Stenholm, R. Tylenda, J. Marcout, C. Schohn; European Southern Observatory; ISBN 3-923524-41-2 (1992); Bibcode:1992secg.book.....A; cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/V/84
150IAU: The Constellations, 11. Oktober 2020; iau.org/public/themes/constellations
154Yale Bright Star Catalog, 15. Oktober 2020; tdc-www.harvard.edu/catalogs/bsc5.html
277«Historische Deep-Sky Kataloge» von Dr. Wolfgang Steinicke; klima-luft.de/steinicke (2021-02-17)